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The Gulbenkian Foundation
The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation is located in the centre of Lisbon in premises set in nearly nine hectares of gardens, formerly known as the Parque de Santa Gertrudes, and now named Parque Calouste Gulbenkian.
The headquarters building and the adjacent Calouste Gulbenkian Museum were designed by the architects Ruy Athougia, Pedro Cid and Alberto Pessoa. Designer Daciano da Costa, decorator Eduardo Anhory and painter Rogerio Ribeiro were among those who had a leading part in the interior design and decoration of the buildings.
The architects were supported by Portuguese and foreign consulting teams in the fields of technology and museum science. The construction and planning works were coordinated by the engineer Luis de Guimaraes Lobato aided by teams of specialist technicians.
The first group of buildings, consisting of the foundation's headquarters and the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, occupies an area of approximately 25 000 m2. The complex was conceived to create a pleasantly peaceful landscape environment, with picture windows looking out onto the trees and lawns of the surrounding gardens.
The latest techniques were used in the construction and equipment of the buildings, particularly in the reinforced and pre-stressed concrete and electro-mechanical equipment. The following approximate numbers will give an idea of the scale of the construction. 150 000 m3 of earth moving, 45 000 m3 of poured concrete, 3200 tons of steel, 100 km of electrical cables, 50 000 m2 of air conditioning ducts and 3500 kw of installed power capacity.
The complex, which was inaugurated in 1969, has three main linked structures: the headquarters, the museum and the Grand Auditorium.
The headquarters building, is 125 meters long by 25 meters wide. Its six floors house the administration offices, the various departments, a spacious area for cultural events, and technical installations and workshops. In addition to the rooms reserved for the permanent exhibition of the founder's art collection, the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum building has spaces for the institution's various cultural functions (an auditorium, exhibition rooms, a room for concerts and other cultural events). The building also houses the Art Library.
The Grand Auditorium adjoins the headquarters building to the east. The concert hall has an audience capacity of 1300 and is equipped for all types of performances as well as for conferences, for which it has simultaneous translation facilities. The stage has eight lifts and an acoustics canopy that can be lowered and raised. This equipment makes it possible to adapt the stage to the needs of each performance.
The three main structures described above are linked by a spacious area formed by the Temporary Exhibitions hall and the Congress Zone. The area is used for events of an artistic, scientific and social nature - exhibitions, conferences, congresses, courses, scientific meetings, concerts, film shows and ballet and drama performances.
The Gulbenkian Foundation's Modern Art Centre, which was opened in 1983, was built with a view to providing Lisbon with facilities for research and communication in the field of modern art, particularly for teaching and visual communication use. Housed in its own building in the Parque Calouste Gulbenkian, the centre was designed by English architect Sir Leslie Martin in collaboration with Portuguese architect Jose Sommer Ribeiro.
In 1993, the Board of Trustees decided to rename the Modern Art Centre the Jose de Azeredo Perdigao Modern Art Centre as a tribute to the foundation's first chairman. The building itself has two distinct parts: the Modern Art Museum, formed by three inter-connected galleries, and the Cultural Events Centre, with a multi-purpose room for drama and dance performances, concerts, multi-media shows, conferences and debates. These events are generally organised by a department formed for this particular purpose, the Department of Entertainment, Artistic Creation and Education through Art, known by its Portuguese acronym, acarte. The two parts of the centre are connected by a common public area made up of a reception hall with a book sales counter and other visitor support facilities, and a restaurant. The adjoining gardens are also a permanent open-air museum for sculpture and have an outdoor amphitheatre and a small building housing a Children's Art Centre.
The Gulbenkian Science Institute is housed in a laboratory and administrative building complex in the nearby municipality of Oeiras.In addition to a reception counter and ticket office, the reception lobby of the foundation headquarters in Lisbon has a book sales counter where the public can buy the foundation's various publications. The foundation has two other such facilities, one in the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum and one in the Jose de Azeredo Perdigao Modern Art Centre. Both specialise in the sale of publications produced by the respective museum and centre, objects inspired by pieces in their collections, catalogues, guides, postcards, slides and posters.
